Friday, April 30, 2021

sources and resources

Some years ago in answer to my question, so what is the doctrine of the Church of England? Geoffrey Cuming, standing on one foot and with a wry tolerance for American seminarians, replied, The Bible. and The Book of Common Prayer. My follow up question: which edition of the Book of Common Prayer? All of them. He explained that in the Church of England, unlike the Episcopal Church in the United States, when a new edition of the prayer book was published the others were not superseded (or repressed).  So all of them: 1549, 1552, 1559, 1662... and then the alternative service book that Geoffrey worked on came out in 1980 followed by Common Prayer around 2000. 

So the list of sources and resources for my sermons begins with:

The Bible.

The Book of Common Prayer.

The New Oxford Annotated Bible, ed. 3, and ed. 4. The New Revised Standard Version Bible.

The Oxford American Prayer Book Commentary. Massey H. Shepherd, Jr. Oxford University Press.

Marion J. Hatchett, Commentary on the American Prayer Book. HarperCollins.

Dennis J. Michno, The Priest's Handbook.

Howard E. Galley, The Ceremonies of the Eucharist: A Guide to Celebrations. Cowley, 1989.

Patrick Malloy, Celebrating the Eucharist: A Practical Ceremonial Guide for Clergy and Other Liturgical Ministers. Church, 2007.

The Complete Gospels: Annotated Scholars Version. Polebridge, 1994.

New Testament Fundamentals. Stevan L. Davies. Polebridge, 1994.

The Word in Time. A Gospel Commentary for Sundays and Major Feast Days (Complete Three-Year Cycle). Arthur J. Dewey. New Berlin Wisconsin: Liturgical Publications, 1990.

The Oxford Bible Commentary.

Herbert O'Driscoll, The Word Today: Reflections on the Readings of the Revised Common Lectionary. Anglican Book Centre. 2001.

David Adam, Traces of Glory: Prayers for the Church Year. Year B. SPCK/Morehouse, 1999.

Richard A. Burridge, John. The People's Bible Commentary. A Bible Commentary for Every Day. Bible Reading Fellowship. 2008.

The New Collegeville Bible Commentary (Collegeville Minnesota: Liturgical Press): 

    The Gospel According to John and the Johannine Letters. Scott M. Lewis. 2005.

    The Gospel According to Mark. Marie Noon Sabin. 2005.

Lesslie Newbigin, The Light Has Come: An Exposition of the Fourth Gospel. Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1982.

Scott Gambrill Sinclair, The Past from God's Perspective: A Commentary on John's Gospel. BIBAL, 2004.

The Cambridge Bible Commentary on the New English Bible: The Gospel According to John. A. M. Hunter. Cambridge, 1965.

Nicholas Thomas (Tom) Wright, Mark for Everyone. SPCK. 2004. 

Binding the Strong Man: A Political Reading of Mark's Story of Jesus. Ched Myers. Orbis, 1995.

New Proclamation (Fortress Press):

    Year B 2012. Easter through Christ the King. Ira Brent Driggers, Tracy L. Hartman, Susan E. Hylen, L. P. Jones. 2012.

    Year B 2009. Easter through Christ the King. Erik M. Heen, Henry G. Brinton, Karoline M. Lewis, David F. Watson. 2008.

Preaching Through the Christian Year (Trinity Press International):

    Year B. Fred B. Craddock, John H. Hayes, Carl R. Holladay, Gene M. Tucker. 1993.

Feasting on the Word: Preaching the Revised Common Lectionary (Westminster John Knox):

    Year B Volume 2. Lent through Eastertide. David L Bartlett & Barbara Brown Taylor, eds. 2008.

This is the Day: Readings and meditations from the Iona Community. Neil Paynter (ed). Wild Goose, 2002.

The Abingdon Bible Commentary.

Common English Bible. CEB Study Bible. (United Methodist Publishing House & collaborators).





Sunday, April 25, 2021

Do you hear God speaking?



I will make you father of a multitude.” Well might Sarah laugh - as she does in the next chapter of the book of Genesis - when she hears God make this promise to her ninety-nine year old husband. She is old too. And yet shall she have pleasure? She asks you. And yet - the day comes when God's improbable promise is fulfilled. Not by the means they concoct - here is Hagar, take her - but by God's own improbable scheme. For he has more in mind than these two's progeny - or Abraham's "seed" (biological offspring). 

    God through these human means will bring a new joy into the world, a new closeness between humanity and Creator. And not before time. It has taken three thousand years - so far - for us human beings to live into the implications of that promise. To live into that promise and the call in earlier chapters of the same book to both care for and commune with the creation of which we are a part. 

    Over and over God calls on the people to come into relationship, and offers a few ... guidelines. As my friend Lois used to put on the butcher-paper cover over her Bible: "If all else fails, follow the directions." 

    How are we to live? Here is a way: to become the parents of a multitude, the progenitors of faithful offspring beyond count. Beyond count and beyond the charts of genealogists and family therapists. (Though hoo, boy, Abraham's children could use some of those as well... ) But the emphasis here is on the gift: the free gift of God to all humankind, through the faithfulness of Abraham and Sarah. And what is that gift?

    No less than life itself, life in communion with God, each other, our own true selves, and all creation.

    So easily broken is the covenant, so faithful is the promise, that we continually are called back into it.

    "If God is speaking, God speaks more often than people hear."--Tanya Luhrmann.

    God is speaking and offering life. A few people fishing, straggled along the shore of a small Mideastern lake, get the message - a bit directly. A man comes toward them along the shore, past the small mammals and large birds and shoreline plants and rocks, a man they may know - from a hill town some nine hours' walk away - or may not have met before: and he inhabits and manifests and makes known clear and loud the Word that is God come to humanity - and this time, to 'simple fisher folk', in the form of a man who works with his hands, and calls them.

    The man along the shore has something to say to the workers mending their nets - the two brothers, the other two brothers, perhaps an independent woman working her own boat - and offers them a wider world.

    Come with me and I will make you fishers of people.

    This calls them away from their everyday occupations. It requires another level of concern, of care, of commitment. 

    Who do you really serve?  


"Do you hear God speaking?" Keeping the Faith, Home + Life, Arizona Daily Star, Sunday, April 21, 2021, E3. 


http://edgeofenclosure.org/lent2b.html



Tanya Luhrmann, Noel Q King Memorial Lecture, "Voices of Madness, Voices of Spirit" - (https://youtu.be/MTyxhro_Apw). https://www.tanyaluhrmann.com/



Thursday, April 22, 2021

Earth-maker

Chiura Obata
Upper Lyell Fork
Near Lyell Glacier, High Sierra, Calif., U.S.A.

We bless you, O Lord our God, creator of the Universe, for the gift of earth, from whence we come and to which we shall return. We ask your blessing on the ancient peoples who first enjoyed this land and ask your blessing upon us as we join the traditional stewards of this land in its ongoing care. 


And care for us, Lord, as we contemplate our mortality, our absolute dependence upon you, and as we prepare ourselves for life beyond death in the hope of the resurrection. Amen.


The planet is burning. I have that on good authority. The secretary general of the United Nations said so, in his annual state of the planet address. And his report was based on the best available science. The international panel on climate change has been providing the science to policy makers and the public for years. You can read the reports for yourself or listen to the scientists - some of the best are right here in Tucson, at the University of Arizona. So there are the facts. The hard physical facts. 


Now what are we going to do about it? That is the soft side of the issue, the hard to measure side, except perhaps for sciences like sociology. It is values, culture, beliefs, ethics, morals, and religion. 


So it seems like we’ve come to the right place, if we are contemplating climate change as a community of believers. As people of faith, of Christian faith, a church community, we hold these values to be self-evident, and well worth repeating. Our life is a gift from God. All that is, is a gift from God. We are called, as all human beings are called, to enjoy the earth - as all our fellow creatures are, but beyond that to care for the earth. We have as human creatures a unique consciousness, an awareness, not only that we are creatures - and we rejoice in that - but that we have the joyful burden of responsible creaturehood. Beyond stewardship we are called to full participatory partnership with God in the care of creation.


Now how do we do that, right here on the local level? We each of us in our abundance and scarcity, aware of our independence of will and our total dependence on the Creator for all that gives, sustains, and fulfills life - we can do and act and advocate and take on practical personal, communal, and congregational, national and international, public, political, nonprofit and voluntary association, and for profit (as we do well by doing good) business: we  can make a difference. Let’s get started. Let us look at what we are doing already - individually, etc. 


And so I must tell a story for you who know the limits of your means. There was an energy crisis. But I was in college. And I saw my neighbor Kevin returning to the dorm, strolling across the quad. And I called out to him,


-- Kevin. There’s an energy crisis.

-- Yeah, John.

-- But we don’t have cars. What are we going to do?

-- Well, John, I’m walking slower, and I’m talking slower, and I’m …

   … thinking slower.


See? You can always do something. But thinking faith may tell us more is needed now than simple self-control. My friend Roger the Arctic explorer, that is, the physical oceanographer of the Arctic Ocean, has been for many years traveling to the North Pole. In addition to my letters to Santa, he has been carrying measuring instruments, and measuring and reporting on physical changes in the composition of the ocean: temperature, pressure, salinity. And by now you have probably learned what he and his fellow scientists have seen and heard directly and have written home about. 


Open water where once there was solid ice. Great glaciers melting and calving icebergs into the sea. Those icebergs are made of fresh water. And that ice, melting, plunges into the sea a cold stream of fresh water forming and moving between Greenland and Canada, pushing the warmer waters of the Gulf Stream south, and weakening the current. This means that particular places like Europe and the Isles of Ireland and Britain will be getting colder water than they have enjoyed for, oh, thousands of years, or before people learned to make fire or chip rocks for tools. So things are changing in a big way. And there is no planet B. And Mother Nature bats last. 


Is this the ball game? Not yet. There is hope. We can do something about it. And if we don’t - the next generations coming up are going to make sure we hear about it. But we will be able to see for ourselves - if we’re spared. So go forth, enjoy the earth, and take care of the planet. It’s the only home we’ve got.

Together we pray:


Eternal Spirit, Earth-maker, Pain-bearer, Life-giver,
Source of all that is and that shall be,
Father and Mother of us all,
Loving God, in whom is heaven:
The hallowing of your name echo through the universe!
The way of your justice be followed by the peoples of the world!
Your heavenly will be done by all created beings!
Your commonwealth of peace and freedom sustain our hope and come on earth.
With the bread we need for today, feed us.
In the hurts we absorb from one another, forgive us.
In times of temptation and test, strengthen us.
From trials too great to endure, spare us.
From the grip of all that is evil, free us.
For you reign in the glory of the power that is love,
now and for ever.
Amen.


–from A New Zealand Prayer Book

O God, whose Son Jesus is the good shepherd of your people: Grant that when we hear his voice we may know him who calls us each by name, and follow where he leads; who, with you and the Holy Spirit, lives and reigns, one God, for ever and ever. Amen.

Sunday, April 18, 2021

after Emmaus

Christ appearing to his disciples at the table, Duccio, 1308-11
(http://edgeofenclosure.org/easter3bfish.html)

After Emmaus… the disciples had heard from the two on the road about the mysterious encounter they had had, but they were still huddled in the upper room, bewildered, anxious, and afraid, wondering what all this would mean. And then there was Jesus, in the midst of them, assuring them he was real: Go ahead, touch me, I am not a ghost, I am flesh and blood. It’s me!


And then he ate a piece of fish. It really is him. Here and now.


Living God, your Son made himself known to his disciples after his resurrection: open the eyes of our faith, that we may see him in all his redeeming work; who is alive and reigns, now and forever.


To see him in all his redeeming work. That may mean the risen Jesus and it may mean his work in us as well. We are known to be Christians by our love for one another, for God, for all people, and indeed for all of creation. Our love for creation may come out of our love for God; our love for God certainly comes out of God's love for us. How do we manifest that love? 


We show the love of God for creation and our share in that love when we enjoy and love the natural world around us, in its natural state, in how we interact with the world as we modify it with our buildings, our landscaping, our gardens and farms, our roads and bridges and water lines and utility poles and cellphone towers; and we show the love of God in joyful fashion in how we walk through the world alongside our Lord. 


In our fellowship together, and our welcoming of others, we show the love of God. We show the love of God, we share the love of God, when we reach out beyond ourselves to the people around us, and when we welcome them inside our walls (real and figurative) as friends.

In "Contemplative Renewal and New Monasticism" an interview in the Lent/ Easter 2021 issue of the New Camaldoli Hermitage newsletter, Fr Adam Bucko wrote that:

"One thing that is clear to anyone who's listening is that young people are leaving our churches not because they are no longer interested in lives of meaning, purpose, and significance, not because they are no longer interested in God, but because, from where they are standing, it is increasingly difficult to meet God in the church. They tell us that, even if we do have a corner on the truth, the church resembles--in too many ways--every other broken system that organizes itself around power, wealth and privilege, rather than offering itself as a radical alternative to the status quo."  

And yet, as Herb O’Driscoll points out in his commentary on this gospel, “We need to be wary of much contemporary Christian spirituality that is unwilling to acknowledge the validity and necessity of the church. We live in a time when spirituality is suspicious of structure and form and institution. Yet any spirituality, if it is to last through the vicissitudes of time and history, must take on form. It cannot remain a kind of ghost, but must assume a structure like ‘flesh and bones’”. 

A ghost does not have flesh and bones as you see that I have.’ 

There are several useful and specific things that people of faith, connected to traditional religions, have to offer "spiritual but not religious" seekers who are less attached to a faith tradition.

Theological understanding, spiritual practices, reliable mentors and spiritual guides, and faithful communities, are among the gifts we have to offer the seeker, the bereft, and even the occasional and ancillary member.  


Yet even more than our structures and traditional practices, whose external aspects, memories or associations may act as barriers, we have something to offer to people seeking a way to truth and sane living in an uncertain world, that is much more precious than the institutional containers we have used. 


It is the all-embracing love of God.


When I was back in Tombstone last week, I looked for Mongo, who drove the old stagecoach. I didn’t see him. But then after all, when he met me somebody said, “Hey Mongo! He’s from your church.” And he said, “It’s my church - when I go.” “So it’s your church.” “When I go.” 


Someone who knows us as "my church - when I go!" is a member. Someone who returns to bury a family member, or seeks to be married or to be baptized, is a member. 

And someone who knocks on the door when they seek a light may find us to be a lighthouse, and a homeward beacon, is becoming a member.


What we have in the Gospel for today is a sense of the patience of Jesus, as his followers - cradled, converted, or seekers - slowly come to a sense of the new reality, the new life of Jesus that opens up new life for themselves and all to follow and learn what has happened. Resurrection, as Bishop Marian Budde pointed out on Easter morning, is for us who experience it in the risen Christ not a moment but a process. 


Conversion turns out to be that way too, a process not just a moment (though there will be moments!): for it can be defined as a lifelong turning toward home, or to taking responsibility for an area of one's own growth and development. That can mean emotional, or intellectual, or ethical and moral development. In this case it means the development of our spiritual and yes religious life - life in Christ and in the Spirit.  


What we have to offer is our experience of God, not just in ourselves, but in communities, through the aid of pastors and teachers, through prayer partners and anam cara (soul friends), through practices of prayer handed down to us within familiar structures and sometimes in surprising ways.


Resurrection, like conversion, is something we experience not just alone, once, but together, continually. 

We know that resurrection is more than a momentary event; it is the first day of God doing something new. God is not resuscitating what was before but leading us into a new future with a new hope.


What this will mean for us in the times ahead, times not simply of a “return to normalcy” but the opening out of a new reality, is that we stand on solid ground, solid ground on which to build. We do not simply look back to 'golden days of yore' - we go forward in the name of Christ as the people of God, ever hopeful, ever renewed. 


You may remember that the Israelites returning from exile in Babylon were some of them brought up short by realizing they were confronted not with an empty home temporarily left behind (like a house left intact while the owners are away for awhile) but with a place that had changed, and people who had changed, and themselves that had changed! The temple was in ruins and so were their houses. 


We don't just build back better. In Christ, in his resurrection life, there is something better beginning.


"I am about to do a new thing; now it springs forth, do you not perceive it?" (Isaiah 43:19a) 


God is at work in us doing more than we can ask or even imagine. What God is up to with us may be less obvious, less familiar, than our expectation. Our opportunity is to be open to it. 


And so the challenge: What does it mean for you to participate in love’s redeeming work? What would you like to take on, or carry forward? What witness, what action? What new thing should be your expectation? Where do you see something better beginning?


Risen Christ, for whom no door is locked, no entrance barred: open the doors of our hearts, that we may seek the good of others and walk the joyful road of sacrifice and peace, to the praise of God the Father. Amen.


J


Post communion prayer  for the Third Sunday of Easter, Year B, from Common Worship, Church of England.

https://www.churchofengland.org/prayer-and-worship/worship-texts-and-resources/common-worship/common-material/collects-and-post-23


Adam Bucko, https://www.contemplation.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/NCHnewsletter_0421.pd

Herbert O’Driscoll, The Word Today, Year B, Volume 2. Anglican Book Centre, 2001, p. 67.

18 April 2021

Third Sunday of Easter

https://www.lectionarypage.net/YearB_RCL/Easter/BEaster3_RCL.html


https://www.churchofengland.org/prayer-and-worship/worship-texts-and-resources/common-worship/common-material/collects-and-post-23 

Sunday, April 11, 2021

seeing and believing



During a plague year, in the midst of a pandemic, funeral bells rang continually across London. The dean of Saint Paul’s Cathedral wrote this:

No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main. If a clod be washed away by the sea, Europe is the less, as well as if a promontory were, as well as if a manor of thy friend's or of thine own were: any man's death diminishes me, because I am involved in mankind, and therefore never send to know for whom the bells tolls; it tolls for thee. 


[From Meditation XVII, John Donne, (1572-1631), and from the epigraph of Hemingway’s novel.]


I had not really meant to talk about this but the resurrection is really about death and then about resurrection. How to die, how to see a friend die, and then to understand how to live. That is the story of doubting Thomas really. Not about doubt at all but about how to grasp reality. His friend really had died. That is common fact, historical fact. He was crucified under Pontius Pilate (the Apostles’ Creed). “Jesus’ body decayed (.82 red)” - The Jesus Seminar’s consensus.


He had died. What did it mean? What did it mean, then, that he had lived, and how he had lived? That was the question, those were the questions, that occupied the disciples after Jesus’ resurrection. 


And so they began to understand. Who he really was, who they really were, what there was to do next, after there had been nothing to do because after all he was dead and we were all going to die. But now, how are we to live?


Jesus’ reality comes stronger, now, knowing that he ‘had’ to die, to fulfill his mission he had to stay true, even though that could and did mean accepting death, execution at the hands of another corrupt administration. The chief priests and the scribes, the leaders so-called of the people, the people they were betraying, with their every breath, handed him over oh so gladly to the Roman authorities, the occupying authorities, who were the means, the instrument, the engine of execution.


But he himself was the engine of understanding. He took, as the gospels give him to us, all of human experience, humanity, life itself, into himself, and made it whole and wonderful and sane even as it hurt beyond belief. Yes, others have suffered more, as many were executed his way, as he was executed, by the Roman authorities, in their thousands. And that may be exactly the point. 


He did not have to do it. He did not want to do it. He wanted to live and he wanted to live life in its fullness. And so he did.


And he did not keep it to himself. Miraculously he shared it with us.


And so we live. Knowing what it is at last to die, we begin to know what it is to live.


***


There is a book called "The Five Gospels" and a one-man play called "The 5th Gospel" - unrelated except by name, and perhaps by intention: to get to the human figure behind the stained glass or cultural images.

Craig McNair Wilson in his play imagined Jesus horsing around with the disciples, or doing other human things. 

The book, by historians and Bible scholars of the Jesus Seminar, tried to get at what Jesus really said and thereby get closer to what he was really about. And is about, for us now.

Scandalous, really, to think that we can know much about a man who lived 2000 years ago - and that it matters to us today what he said and did and how he was truly human. 

Seems to me that both play and book were trying to get at something that the first letter of John captures in a phrase: we speak to you of what we have seen and heard and held in our arms.  

That was then. But you know what? That is also now. We experience Jesus as real, in our prayers, in our fellowship, in the eyes of total strangers, in our inner selves.

And we can bear witness to him as first-century John did; we have not touched him with our hands but we can encounter him nevertheless. 

[On the road to Emmaus he appeared to two disciples in the person of a mysterious stranger, as he accompanied them on the way and in the breaking of bread.]  

There are so many ways to say we have seen the Lord.

Many years ago at a youth retreat weekend in the Santa Cruz mountains I heard a new song - new to me and new then: "Have you seen Jesus my Lord?" 

Mary asked such a question at the tomb, on the morning three days after Good Friday. "If you have taken him away, tell me where I can find him."

She is expecting nothing more than the pious duties of grief, to prepare the body for its long rest in the tomb. And perhaps as Michael Curry pointed out on Easter not even that: for who would roll away the stone? And yet - she went.  

She is not seeking and does not expect to find the man she knew. Not as he was. 

And she does not. For God is doing a new thing.

Resurrection, as Marian Budde reminded us on Easter morning, is - for us - a process, not a moment. Even if our life with Jesus begins with a moment of decision it continues as a process. A whole new way of living.

Mary is the first to experience this, to have it dawn on her that the resurrected Lord is more than the man she knew. He is not revived but remade. Born anew, as it were, into the fullness of life in God's house.

How are we to begin to live as if this is real? Some clues follow. Mary goes and bears witness to the men, the skeptical apostles, but they too come to believe, as they experience Jesus as real.

I first experienced Jesus as real not long after that weekend in the mountains. I had listened to the message, received from preachers, in songs, and in the gentle witness of an older friend. And even in the quiet hospitality of a neighbor. But it was when I woke up on Holy Saturday morning that he became real to me. And that is when I began to pray.

How are we to begin living as if Jesus is real?  

Witness, yes, Mary did that first. He is alive! He is risen! He really is the Lord.

Then action. And that is when we collect together to  - commiserate? - no, to celebrate, and to figure out what this means and what to do and to begin to encourage one another to live it out.

In the stories of acts of apostles we find them gathering all together, like a big family, every night, and still going to the Temple every day as they had when he was alive among them as a fellow human being, teacher, and healer. Now however a new era now begins, with these few, these befuddled, scared, and hopeful few, reborn themselves and calling others into new life. 

It is as if they had to begin again. As if everything they knew now had a new significance, new meaning.

When at last Thomas showed up, he expressed doubts - the pragmatical dog! How can you know what he really said and did unless you were there? And he was not: so he says, I need to see him and hear him and touch him with my hands again. The Jesus I knew. But he does not meet the same man, not as he was, and for all we know, all his prerequisites for believing were thrown aside, as he met not the resuscitated man but the living Lord.

My Lord and my God.

Now he is here among us. What shall we do?

***


Christ with Us

The Love of Christ

Surround us

The Light of Christ 

Lead us

The Peace of Christ

Fill us

The Power of Christ

Aid us

The Joy of Christ

Thrill us

The Presence of Christ

Be with us evermore.


David Adam, Tides and Seasons, SPCK, 1989, 76.



Resources: Commentaries by Herbert O'Driscoll, Fred Craddock, Stevan L. Davies, Arthur Dewey, and Raymond E. Brown, S.S. Prayers by David Adam. Self-guided retreat by Suzanne Guthrie, At the Edge of the Enclosure (http://edgeofenclosure.org/).  


(All this came to me in part as I was listening to the comments halfway through the second episode of “Hemingway” the PBS series. One of the writers got it right, one got it wrong, about what “for whom the bell tolls” means: I think the latter had not understood where it came from. Albert Camus did, or would have. The plague. That is where it came from. John Donne, Meditation XVII, the epigraph to “For Whom the Bell Tolls”, as I memorized it in eighth grade (but had yet to understand). John Donne was writing about people dying in an epidemic, a pandemic, the plague, as it hit London in the 1660s, - as Pepys memorialized it in his diary - and so “the bell was tolling for all of us, in Europe and the United States” is wrong: it is about death, it is the mark, the memorial, the moment, the announcement, of some one particular dying. And Hemingway got it right, and his character Robert Jordan got it right, and John McCain reading it got it right, it is about that particular death and therefore, therefore, about our own, our own humanity, and therefore our own life.) 


Ken Burns and Lynn Novick, Hemingway. NPR, aired April 2021. https://www.pbs.org/kenburns/hemingway/


Psalm 133,Acts 4:32-35,1 John 1:1-2:2,St Paul's Tombstone,BEaster2,John 20:19-31,Doubting Thomas.


St Paul's Church, Tombstone. [https://www.facebook.com/stpaulstombstone] April 11th 2021. JRL+

Saturday, April 10, 2021

for whom the bell tolls today


John Donne


I had not really meant to write about this but the resurrection is really about death and then about resurrection. How to die, how to see a friend die, and then to understand how to live. That is the story of doubting Thomas really. Not about doubt at all but about how to grasp reality. His friend really had died. That is common fact, historical fact. He was crucified under Pontius Pilate (the Apostles Creed). “Jesus body decayed (.82 red)” - The Jesus Seminar’s consensus.

He had died. What did it mean? What did it mean, then, that he had lived, and how he had lived? That was the question, those were the questions, that occupied the disciples after Jesus’ resurrection. 

And so they began to understand. Who he really was, who they really were, what there was to do next, after there had been nothing to do because after all he was dead and we were all going to die. But now, how are we to live?

Jesus’ reality comes stronger, now, knowing that he ‘had’ to die, to fulfill his mission he had to stay true, even though that could and did mean accepting death, execution at the hands of another corrupt administration. The chief priests and the scribes, the leaders so-called of the people, the people they were betraying, with their every breath, handed him over oh so gladly to the Roman authorities, the occupying authorities, who were the means, the instrument, the engine of execution

But he himself was the engine of understanding. He took, as the gospels give him to us, all of human experience, humanity, life itself, into himself, and made it whole and wonderful and sane even as it hurt beyond belief. Yes, others have suffered more, as many were executed his way, as he was executed, by the Roman authorities, in their thousands. And that may be exactly the point. 

He did not have to do it. He did not want to do it. He wanted to live and he wanted to live life in its fullness. And so he did.

And he did not keep it to himself. Miraculously he shared it with us.


(All this came to me in part as I was listening to the comments halfway through the second episode of “Hemingway” the PBS series. One of the writers got it right, one got it wrong, about what “for whom the bell tolls” means: I think the latter had not understood where it came from. Albert Camus did, or would have. The plague. That is where it came from. John Donne, Meditation XVII, the epigraph to “For Whom the Bell Tolls”, as I memorized it in eighth grade (but had yet to understand). John Donne was writing about people dying in an epidemic, a pandemic, the plague, as it hit London in the 1660s, - as Pepys memorialized it in his diary - and so “the bell was tolling for all of us, in Europe and the United States” is wrong: it is about death, it is the mark, the memorial, the moment, the announcement, of some one particular dying. And Hemingway got it right, and his character Robert Jordan got it right, and John McCain reading it got it right, it is about that particular death and therefore, therefore, about our own, our own humanity, and therefore our own life.) 


And so we live. Knowing what it is at last to die, we begin to know what it is to live.


***


From Meditation XVII, John Donne, (1572-1631), and from the epigraph of Hemingway’s novel:


No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main. If a clod be washed away by the sea, Europe is the less, as well as if a promontory were, as well as if a manor of thy friend's or of thine own were: any man's death diminishes me, because I am involved in mankind, and therefore never send to know for whom the bells tolls; it tolls for thee. 



***


The whole thing: 


Meditation XVII

XVII. MEDITATION.



PERCHANCE he for whom this bell tolls may be so ill, as that he knows not it tolls for him; and perchance I may think myself so much better than I am, as that they who are about me, and see my state, may have caused it to toll for me, and I know not that. The church is Catholic, universal, so are all her actions; all that she does belongs to all. When she baptizes a child, that action concerns me; for that child is thereby connected to that body which is my head too, and ingrafted into that body whereof I am a member. And when she buries a man, that action concerns me: all mankind is of one author, and is one volume; when one man dies, one chapter is not torn out of the book, but translated into a better language; and every chapter must be so translated; God employs several translators; some pieces are translated by age, some by sickness, some by war, some by justice; but God's hand is in every translation, and his hand shall bind up all our scattered leaves again for that library where every book shall lie open to one another. As therefore the bell that rings to a sermon calls not upon the preacher only, but upon the congregation to come, so this bell calls us all; but how much more me, who am brought so near the door by this sickness. There was a contention as far as a suit (in which both piety and dignity, religion and estimation, were mingled), which of the religious orders should ring to prayers first in the morning; and it was determined, that they should ring first that rose earliest. If we understand aright the dignity of this bell that tolls for our evening prayer, we would be glad to make it ours by rising early, in that application, that it might be ours as well as his, whose indeed it is. The bell doth toll for him that thinks it doth; and though it intermit again, yet from that minute that that occasion wrought upon him, he is united to God. Who casts not up his eye to the sun when it rises? but who takes off his eye from a comet when that breaks out? Who bends not his ear to any bell which upon any occasion rings? but who can remove it from that bell which is passing a piece of himself out of this world?


No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main. If a clod be washed away by the sea, Europe is the less, as well as if a promontory were, as well as if a manor of thy friend's or of thine own were: any man's death diminishes me, because I am involved in mankind, and therefore never send to know for whom the bells tolls; it tolls for thee. Neither can we call this a begging of misery, or a borrowing of misery, as though we were not miserable enough of ourselves, but must fetch in more from the next house, in taking upon us the misery of our neighbours. Truly it were an excusable covetousness if we did, for affliction is a treasure, and scarce any man hath enough of it. No man hath affliction enough that is not matured and ripened by and made fit for God by that affliction. If a man carry treasure in bullion, or in a wedge of gold, and have none coined into current money, his treasure will not defray him as he travels. Tribulation is treasure in the nature of it, but it is not current money in the use of it, except we get nearer and nearer our home, heaven, by it. Another man may be sick too, and sick to death, and this affliction may lie in his bowels, as gold in a mine, and be of no use to him; but this bell, that tells me of his affliction, digs out and applies that gold to me: if by this consideration of another's danger I take mine own into contemplation, and so secure myself, by making my recourse to my God, who is our only security.

https://www.online-literature.com/donne/409/